{"id":20571,"date":"2024-08-28T06:49:13","date_gmt":"2024-08-28T06:49:13","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.tuspipe.com\/?page_id=20571"},"modified":"2025-11-07T08:30:45","modified_gmt":"2025-11-07T08:30:45","slug":"astm-a213","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.tuspipe.com\/de\/standards\/astm-a213\/","title":{"rendered":"ASTM A213"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-page\" data-elementor-id=\"20571\" class=\"elementor elementor-20571\" data-elementor-post-type=\"page\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-7e93154 elementor-section-height-min-height elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-items-middle\" data-id=\"7e93154\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-efc2934\" data-id=\"efc2934\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-9d602e1 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"9d602e1\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h1 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">ASTM A213<\/h1>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-53a16b7 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"53a16b7\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><span style=\"color: #ffffff;\">TUSPIPE manufactures ASTM A213 steel pipes using a seamless process, exceeding the certification of the ASTM A213 standard. Additional surface finishing services such as galvanizing and oiling are available to extend the lifespan of your projects.<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-e06aeda elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"e06aeda\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-a4fb19d\" data-id=\"a4fb19d\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-234478c elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"234478c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"512\" src=\"https:\/\/www.tuspipe.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/da_2535-1024x512.jpg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-13838\" alt=\"seamless definition\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.tuspipe.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/da_2535-1024x512.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/www.tuspipe.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/da_2535-300x150.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.tuspipe.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/da_2535-768x384.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.tuspipe.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/da_2535-1536x768.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/www.tuspipe.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/da_2535-2048x1024.jpg 2048w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-d993fcb\" data-id=\"d993fcb\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3f453d8 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"3f453d8\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">ASTM A213<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2294423 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"2294423\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>ASTM A213 is an important standard developed by the American Society for Materials and Testing (<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/ASTM_International\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\">ASTM<\/a>). The ASTM A213 standard focuses on seamless ferritic and austenitic alloy steel boiler, superheater and heat exchanger tubes under high pressure and temperature.<\/p><p>ASTM A213 standard tubing is manufactured in a seamless process with excellent corrosion resistance and strength. The most common materials are alloy steel pipes and stainless steel pipes.<\/p><p>ASTM A213 contains a variety of steel grades to facilitate applications in different environments. Some of the common grades are: ASTM A212 Grade T2\/ T5\/ T9\/ T11\/ T22\/ T91. The main difference between these grades is the chromium and molybdenum content, with the lower grades having lower oxidation and high temperature resistance. T91 consists of 9 per cent chromium and 1 per cent molybdenum, with traces of vanadium and tungsten, and is ideally suited to supercritical boiler applications.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ae4a1b1 elementor-align-left elementor-widget elementor-widget-button\" data-id=\"ae4a1b1\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"button.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-button-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-button elementor-button-link elementor-size-xs elementor-animation-grow\" href=\"#elementor-action%3Aaction%3Dpopup%3Aopen%26settings%3DeyJpZCI6IjQyODkiLCJ0b2dnbGUiOmZhbHNlfQ%3D%3D\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-content-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-text\">QUOTE NOW<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-1b0d53a elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"1b0d53a\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-no\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-4b4c246\" data-id=\"4b4c246\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-016600a elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"016600a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3d918ce elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"3d918ce\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Steel Grade of ASTM A213<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-eb317fa elementor-widget-divider--view-line elementor-widget elementor-widget-divider\" data-id=\"eb317fa\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"divider.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-divider\">\n\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-divider-separator\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-27471de elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"27471de\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>The ASTM A213 standard has different chemical composition and performance requirements for each grade.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-911f48c elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"911f48c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"table-gridtable\" style=\"width: 100%; overflow-x: auto;\"><table><tbody><tr><td width=\"72\">Standard<\/td><td colspan=\"6\" width=\"432\">ASTM \u00a0A213\/ A213M<\/td><\/tr><tr><td width=\"72\">Procedure<\/td><td colspan=\"6\" width=\"432\">SMLS<\/td><\/tr><tr><td rowspan=\"2\" width=\"72\">Dimensions<\/td><td colspan=\"6\" width=\"432\">3.2-127mm<\/td><\/tr><tr><td colspan=\"6\" width=\"432\">1\/8\u2033 \u2013 5\u2033<\/td><\/tr><tr><td width=\"72\">Thickness<\/td><td colspan=\"6\" width=\"432\">0.4-12.7mm<\/td><\/tr><tr><td width=\"72\">Unit Length<\/td><td colspan=\"6\" width=\"432\">3 \u2013 18 mtrs<\/td><\/tr><tr><td rowspan=\"5\" width=\"72\">Steel Grade<\/td><td width=\"72\">T2<\/td><td width=\"72\">T11<\/td><td width=\"72\">T23<\/td><td width=\"72\">T112<\/td><td width=\"72\">TP304L<\/td><td width=\"72\">TP316H<\/td><\/tr><tr><td width=\"72\">T5<\/td><td width=\"72\">T12<\/td><td width=\"72\">T24<\/td><td width=\"72\">T911<\/td><td width=\"72\">TP304H<\/td><td width=\"72\">TP316Ti<\/td><\/tr><tr><td width=\"72\">T5b<\/td><td width=\"72\">T17<\/td><td width=\"72\">T36<\/td><td width=\"72\">TP201<\/td><td width=\"72\">\u2026\u2026<\/td><td width=\"72\">TP316N<\/td><\/tr><tr><td width=\"72\">T5c<\/td><td width=\"72\">T21<\/td><td width=\"72\">T91<\/td><td width=\"72\">TP202<\/td><td width=\"72\">TP316<\/td><td width=\"72\">\u2026\u2026<\/td><\/tr><tr><td width=\"72\">T9<\/td><td width=\"72\">T22<\/td><td width=\"72\">T92<\/td><td width=\"72\">TP304<\/td><td width=\"72\">TP316L<\/td><td width=\"72\">\u2013<\/td><\/tr><tr><td rowspan=\"2\" width=\"72\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.tuspipe.com\/products\/coated-pipe\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Surface Coating<\/a><\/td><td colspan=\"6\" width=\"432\">Black lacquer coating,Varnishing, Oiling, Hot Dip Galvanizing<\/td><\/tr><tr><td colspan=\"6\" width=\"432\">FBE, 2PP, 3PP, 2PE, 3PE<\/td><\/tr><tr><td width=\"72\">End Type<\/td><td colspan=\"6\" width=\"432\">Plain, Bevelled, Threaded, Grooved\uff0cShouldered<\/td><\/tr><tr><td width=\"72\">Joint Method<\/td><td colspan=\"6\" width=\"432\">Fitting, Flange, Coupling, Clamp, Pipe Shoulder, Welding<\/td><\/tr><tr><td width=\"72\">Pipe Machining<\/td><td colspan=\"6\" width=\"432\">Welding, Bending, Hole Drilling, Punching, Swaging, Tapering, Flaring, Expanding<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-3d09d5e elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"3d09d5e\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-no\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-8a913e4\" data-id=\"8a913e4\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-83d06a6 elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"83d06a6\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6c3496c elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"6c3496c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">DIMENSIONS AND SIZES OF ASTM A213 PIPE<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6038971 elementor-widget-divider--view-line elementor-widget elementor-widget-divider\" data-id=\"6038971\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"divider.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-divider\">\n\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-divider-separator\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-eff6fdc elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"eff6fdc\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>The ASTM A213 standard has a very comprehensive size range. Inside diameters range from 1\/8 inch (3.2 mm) to 5 inches (127 mm), while minimum wall thicknesses range from 0.015 inches (0.4 mm) to 0.500 inches (12.7 mm).<\/p><p>The ASTM A213 standard strictly controls these size ranges of tubing, ensuring that the tubing produced can be accurately and perfectly adapted for both sophisticated components and large-scale project applications.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-692c95c elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"692c95c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"table-gridtable\" style=\"width: 100%; overflow-x: auto;\">\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr >\n<th >Outside Diameter\uff1a<\/td>\n<td class=\"et3\" style=\"width: 54.00pt;\" width=\"72\">1\u20448 to 5 in. [3.2 to 127 mm]<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th class=\"et4\" style=\"height: 54.75pt; width: 54.00pt;\" width=\"72\" height=\"73\">Wall Thickness\uff1a<\/td>\n<td >0.015 to 0.500 in. [0.4 to 12.7 mm]<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr >\n<td class=\"et3\" style=\"height: 15.00pt; width: 108.00pt;\" colspan=\"2\" width=\"144\" height=\"20\">Tubing having other dimensions may be furnished, provided such tubes comply with all other requirements of this specification.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8c66129 elementor-align-center elementor-widget elementor-widget-button\" data-id=\"8c66129\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"button.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-button-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-button elementor-button-link elementor-size-xs elementor-animation-grow\" href=\"#elementor-action%3Aaction%3Dpopup%3Aopen%26settings%3DeyJpZCI6IjQyODkiLCJ0b2dnbGUiOmZhbHNlfQ%3D%3D\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-content-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-text\">QUOTE NOW<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-86e1ff8 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"86e1ff8\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-no\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-3db133d\" data-id=\"3db133d\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6a947ba elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"6a947ba\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f752414 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"f752414\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">CHEMICAL COMPOSITION REQUIREMENT OF ASTM A213 PIPE<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5418bb9 elementor-widget-divider--view-line elementor-widget elementor-widget-divider\" data-id=\"5418bb9\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"divider.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-divider\">\n\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-divider-separator\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-431489c elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"431489c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>The ASTM A213 standard has very strict requirements for chemical composition. The content and proportion of each chemical element will directly affect the final performance of the steel pipe.<\/p><ul><li>Carbon (C) : Usually between 0.05% and 0.12%. It affects the strength and hardness of steel.<\/li><li>Chromium (Cr) : The chromium content in ASTM A213 tubing is generally 1% to 12%. The high temperature resistance and oxidation resistance of steel are affected.<\/li><li>Molybdenum (Mo) : Generally between 0.25% and 1%. It affects the high temperature strength and creep resistance of steel.<\/li><li>Manganese (Mn) : Usually 0.30% to 0.60%. It affects the strength and hardness of steel and improves its wear resistance.<\/li><li>Silicon (Si) : Generally between 0.20% and 0.50%. It affects the strength and hardness of steel.<\/li><\/ul>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-542cf48 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"542cf48\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"table-gridtable\" style=\"width: 100%; overflow-x: auto;\">\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr style=\"height: 15.00pt;\">\n<th class=\"et2\" style=\"height: 42.75pt; width: 54.00pt;\" rowspan=\"2\" width=\"72\" height=\"57\">Grade<\/th>\n<th class=\"et2\" style=\"width: 54.00pt;\" rowspan=\"2\" width=\"72\">UNS Designation<\/th>\n<th class=\"et2\" style=\"width: 810.00pt;\" colspan=\"15\" width=\"1080\">Composition\uff0c%<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 27.75pt;\">\n<th class=\"et2\" style=\"width: 54.00pt;\" width=\"72\">Carbon<\/th>\n<th class=\"et2\" style=\"width: 54.00pt;\" width=\"72\">Manganese<\/th>\n<th class=\"et2\" style=\"width: 54.00pt;\" width=\"72\">Phosphorus<\/th>\n<th class=\"et2\" style=\"width: 54.00pt;\" width=\"72\">Sulfur<\/th>\n<th class=\"et2\" style=\"width: 54.00pt;\" width=\"72\">Silicon<\/th>\n<th class=\"et2\" style=\"width: 54.00pt;\" width=\"72\">Nickel<\/th>\n<th class=\"et2\" style=\"width: 54.00pt;\" width=\"72\">Chromium<\/th>\n<th class=\"et2\" style=\"width: 54.00pt;\" width=\"72\">Molybdenum<\/th>\n<th class=\"et2\" style=\"width: 54.00pt;\" width=\"72\">Vanadium<\/th>\n<th class=\"et2\" style=\"width: 54.00pt;\" width=\"72\">Boron<\/th>\n<th class=\"et2\" style=\"width: 54.00pt;\" width=\"72\">Niobium<\/th>\n<th class=\"et2\" style=\"width: 54.00pt;\" width=\"72\">Nitrogen<\/th>\n<th class=\"et2\" style=\"width: 54.00pt;\" width=\"72\">Aluminum<\/th>\n<th class=\"et2\" style=\"width: 54.00pt;\" width=\"72\">Tungsten<\/th>\n<th class=\"et2\" style=\"width: 54.00pt;\" width=\"72\">Other Elements<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 15.00pt;\">\n<td class=\"et3\" style=\"height: 15.00pt; width: 54.00pt;\" width=\"72\" height=\"20\">T2<\/td>\n<td class=\"et3\" style=\"width: 54.00pt;\" width=\"72\">K11547<\/td>\n<td class=\"et3\" style=\"width: 54.00pt;\" width=\"72\">0.10-0.20<\/td>\n<td class=\"et3\" style=\"width: 54.00pt;\" width=\"72\">0.30-0.61<\/td>\n<td class=\"et3\" style=\"width: 54.00pt;\" align=\"right\" width=\"72\">0.025<\/td>\n<td class=\"et3\" style=\"width: 54.00pt;\" align=\"right\" width=\"72\">0.025<\/td>\n<td class=\"et3\" style=\"width: 54.00pt;\" width=\"72\">0.10-0.30<\/td>\n<td class=\"et3\" style=\"width: 54.00pt;\" width=\"72\">\u2026<\/td>\n<td class=\"et3\" style=\"width: 54.00pt;\" width=\"72\">0.50-0.81<\/td>\n<td class=\"et3\" style=\"width: 54.00pt;\" width=\"72\">0.44-0.65<\/td>\n<td class=\"et3\" style=\"width: 54.00pt;\" width=\"72\">\u2026<\/td>\n<td class=\"et3\" style=\"width: 54.00pt;\" width=\"72\">\u2026<\/td>\n<td class=\"et3\" style=\"width: 54.00pt;\" width=\"72\">\u2026<\/td>\n<td class=\"et3\" style=\"width: 54.00pt;\" width=\"72\">\u2026<\/td>\n<td class=\"et3\" style=\"width: 54.00pt;\" width=\"72\">\u2026<\/td>\n<td class=\"et3\" style=\"width: 54.00pt;\" width=\"72\">\u2026<\/td>\n<td class=\"et3\" style=\"width: 54.00pt;\" width=\"72\">\u2026<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 15.00pt;\">\n<td class=\"et4\" style=\"height: 15.00pt; width: 54.00pt;\" width=\"72\" height=\"20\">T5<\/td>\n<td class=\"et4\" style=\"width: 54.00pt;\" width=\"72\">K41545<\/td>\n<td class=\"et4\" style=\"width: 54.00pt;\" align=\"right\" width=\"72\">0.15<\/td>\n<td class=\"et4\" style=\"width: 54.00pt;\" width=\"72\">0.30-0.60<\/td>\n<td class=\"et4\" style=\"width: 54.00pt;\" align=\"right\" width=\"72\">0.025<\/td>\n<td class=\"et4\" style=\"width: 54.00pt;\" align=\"right\" width=\"72\">0.025<\/td>\n<td class=\"et4\" style=\"width: 54.00pt;\" align=\"right\" width=\"72\">0.5<\/td>\n<td class=\"et4\" style=\"width: 54.00pt;\" width=\"72\">\u2026<\/td>\n<td class=\"et4\" style=\"width: 54.00pt;\" width=\"72\">4.00-6.00<\/td>\n<td class=\"et4\" style=\"width: 54.00pt;\" width=\"72\">0.45-0.65<\/td>\n<td class=\"et4\" style=\"width: 54.00pt;\" width=\"72\">\u2026<\/td>\n<td class=\"et4\" style=\"width: 54.00pt;\" width=\"72\">\u2026<\/td>\n<td class=\"et4\" style=\"width: 54.00pt;\" width=\"72\">\u2026<\/td>\n<td class=\"et4\" style=\"width: 54.00pt;\" width=\"72\">\u2026<\/td>\n<td class=\"et4\" style=\"width: 54.00pt;\" width=\"72\">\u2026<\/td>\n<td class=\"et4\" style=\"width: 54.00pt;\" width=\"72\">\u2026<\/td>\n<td class=\"et4\" style=\"width: 54.00pt;\" width=\"72\">\u2026<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 15.00pt;\">\n<td class=\"et3\" style=\"height: 15.00pt; width: 54.00pt;\" width=\"72\" height=\"20\">T5b<\/td>\n<td class=\"et3\" style=\"width: 54.00pt;\" width=\"72\">K51545<\/td>\n<td class=\"et3\" style=\"width: 54.00pt;\" align=\"right\" width=\"72\">0.15<\/td>\n<td class=\"et3\" style=\"width: 54.00pt;\" width=\"72\">0.30-0.60<\/td>\n<td class=\"et3\" style=\"width: 54.00pt;\" align=\"right\" width=\"72\">0.025<\/td>\n<td class=\"et3\" style=\"width: 54.00pt;\" align=\"right\" width=\"72\">0.025<\/td>\n<td class=\"et3\" style=\"width: 54.00pt;\" width=\"72\">1.00-2.00<\/td>\n<td class=\"et3\" style=\"width: 54.00pt;\" width=\"72\">\u2026<\/td>\n<td class=\"et3\" style=\"width: 54.00pt;\" width=\"72\">4.00-6.00<\/td>\n<td class=\"et3\" style=\"width: 54.00pt;\" width=\"72\">0.45-0.65<\/td>\n<td class=\"et3\" style=\"width: 54.00pt;\" width=\"72\">\u2026<\/td>\n<td class=\"et3\" style=\"width: 54.00pt;\" width=\"72\">\u2026<\/td>\n<td class=\"et3\" style=\"width: 54.00pt;\" width=\"72\">\u2026<\/td>\n<td class=\"et3\" style=\"width: 54.00pt;\" width=\"72\">\u2026<\/td>\n<td class=\"et3\" style=\"width: 54.00pt;\" width=\"72\">\u2026<\/td>\n<td class=\"et3\" style=\"width: 54.00pt;\" width=\"72\">\u2026<\/td>\n<td class=\"et3\" style=\"width: 54.00pt;\" width=\"72\">\u2026<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 27.75pt;\">\n<td class=\"et4\" style=\"height: 27.75pt; width: 54.00pt;\" width=\"72\" height=\"37\">T5c<\/td>\n<td class=\"et4\" style=\"width: 54.00pt;\" width=\"72\">K41245<\/td>\n<td class=\"et4\" style=\"width: 54.00pt;\" align=\"right\" width=\"72\">0.12<\/td>\n<td class=\"et4\" style=\"width: 54.00pt;\" width=\"72\">0.30-0.60<\/td>\n<td class=\"et4\" style=\"width: 54.00pt;\" align=\"right\" width=\"72\">0.025<\/td>\n<td class=\"et4\" style=\"width: 54.00pt;\" align=\"right\" width=\"72\">0.025<\/td>\n<td class=\"et4\" style=\"width: 54.00pt;\" align=\"right\" width=\"72\">0.5<\/td>\n<td class=\"et4\" style=\"width: 54.00pt;\" width=\"72\">\u2026<\/td>\n<td class=\"et4\" style=\"width: 54.00pt;\" width=\"72\">4.00-6.00<\/td>\n<td class=\"et4\" style=\"width: 54.00pt;\" width=\"72\">0.45-0.65<\/td>\n<td class=\"et4\" style=\"width: 54.00pt;\" width=\"72\">\u2026<\/td>\n<td class=\"et4\" style=\"width: 54.00pt;\" width=\"72\">\u2026<\/td>\n<td class=\"et4\" style=\"width: 54.00pt;\" width=\"72\">\u2026<\/td>\n<td class=\"et4\" style=\"width: 54.00pt;\" width=\"72\">\u2026<\/td>\n<td class=\"et4\" style=\"width: 54.00pt;\" width=\"72\">\u2026<\/td>\n<td class=\"et4\" style=\"width: 54.00pt;\" width=\"72\">\u2026<\/td>\n<td class=\"et4\" style=\"width: 54.00pt;\" width=\"72\">Ti 4xC-0.70<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 27.75pt;\">\n<td class=\"et3\" style=\"height: 27.75pt; width: 54.00pt;\" width=\"72\" height=\"37\">T9<\/td>\n<td class=\"et3\" style=\"width: 54.00pt;\" width=\"72\">K90941<\/td>\n<td class=\"et3\" style=\"width: 54.00pt;\" align=\"right\" width=\"72\">0.15<\/td>\n<td class=\"et3\" style=\"width: 54.00pt;\" width=\"72\">0.30-0.60<\/td>\n<td class=\"et3\" style=\"width: 54.00pt;\" align=\"right\" width=\"72\">0.025<\/td>\n<td class=\"et3\" style=\"width: 54.00pt;\" align=\"right\" width=\"72\">0.025<\/td>\n<td class=\"et3\" style=\"width: 54.00pt;\" width=\"72\">0.25-1.00<\/td>\n<td class=\"et3\" style=\"width: 54.00pt;\" width=\"72\">\u2026<\/td>\n<td class=\"et3\" style=\"width: 54.00pt;\" width=\"72\">8.00-10.00<\/td>\n<td class=\"et3\" style=\"width: 54.00pt;\" width=\"72\">0.90-1.10<\/td>\n<td class=\"et3\" style=\"width: 54.00pt;\" width=\"72\">\u2026<\/td>\n<td class=\"et3\" style=\"width: 54.00pt;\" width=\"72\">\u2026<\/td>\n<td class=\"et3\" style=\"width: 54.00pt;\" width=\"72\">\u2026<\/td>\n<td class=\"et3\" style=\"width: 54.00pt;\" width=\"72\">\u2026<\/td>\n<td class=\"et3\" style=\"width: 54.00pt;\" width=\"72\">\u2026<\/td>\n<td class=\"et3\" style=\"width: 54.00pt;\" width=\"72\">\u2026<\/td>\n<td class=\"et3\" style=\"width: 54.00pt;\" width=\"72\">\u2026<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 15.00pt;\">\n<td class=\"et4\" style=\"height: 15.00pt; width: 54.00pt;\" width=\"72\" height=\"20\">T11<\/td>\n<td class=\"et4\" style=\"width: 54.00pt;\" width=\"72\">K11597<\/td>\n<td class=\"et4\" style=\"width: 54.00pt;\" width=\"72\">0.05-0.15<\/td>\n<td class=\"et4\" style=\"width: 54.00pt;\" width=\"72\">0.30-0.60<\/td>\n<td class=\"et4\" style=\"width: 54.00pt;\" align=\"right\" width=\"72\">0.025<\/td>\n<td class=\"et4\" style=\"width: 54.00pt;\" align=\"right\" width=\"72\">0.025<\/td>\n<td class=\"et4\" style=\"width: 54.00pt;\" width=\"72\">0.50-1.00<\/td>\n<td class=\"et4\" style=\"width: 54.00pt;\" width=\"72\">\u2026<\/td>\n<td class=\"et4\" style=\"width: 54.00pt;\" width=\"72\">1.00-1.50<\/td>\n<td class=\"et4\" style=\"width: 54.00pt;\" width=\"72\">0.44-0.65<\/td>\n<td class=\"et4\" style=\"width: 54.00pt;\" width=\"72\">\u2026<\/td>\n<td class=\"et4\" style=\"width: 54.00pt;\" width=\"72\">\u2026<\/td>\n<td class=\"et4\" style=\"width: 54.00pt;\" width=\"72\">\u2026<\/td>\n<td class=\"et4\" style=\"width: 54.00pt;\" width=\"72\">\u2026<\/td>\n<td class=\"et4\" style=\"width: 54.00pt;\" width=\"72\">\u2026<\/td>\n<td class=\"et4\" style=\"width: 54.00pt;\" width=\"72\">\u2026<\/td>\n<td class=\"et4\" style=\"width: 54.00pt;\" width=\"72\">\u2026<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 15.00pt;\">\n<td class=\"et3\" style=\"height: 15.00pt; width: 54.00pt;\" width=\"72\" height=\"20\">T12<\/td>\n<td class=\"et3\" style=\"width: 54.00pt;\" width=\"72\">K11562<\/td>\n<td class=\"et3\" style=\"width: 54.00pt;\" width=\"72\">0.05-0.15<\/td>\n<td class=\"et3\" style=\"width: 54.00pt;\" width=\"72\">0.30-0.61<\/td>\n<td class=\"et3\" style=\"width: 54.00pt;\" align=\"right\" width=\"72\">0.025<\/td>\n<td class=\"et3\" style=\"width: 54.00pt;\" align=\"right\" width=\"72\">0.025<\/td>\n<td class=\"et3\" style=\"width: 54.00pt;\" align=\"right\" width=\"72\">0.5<\/td>\n<td class=\"et3\" style=\"width: 54.00pt;\" width=\"72\">\u2026<\/td>\n<td class=\"et3\" style=\"width: 54.00pt;\" width=\"72\">0.80-1.25<\/td>\n<td class=\"et3\" style=\"width: 54.00pt;\" width=\"72\">0.44-0.65<\/td>\n<td class=\"et3\" style=\"width: 54.00pt;\" width=\"72\">\u2026<\/td>\n<td class=\"et3\" style=\"width: 54.00pt;\" width=\"72\">\u2026<\/td>\n<td class=\"et3\" style=\"width: 54.00pt;\" width=\"72\">\u2026<\/td>\n<td class=\"et3\" style=\"width: 54.00pt;\" width=\"72\">\u2026<\/td>\n<td class=\"et3\" style=\"width: 54.00pt;\" width=\"72\">\u2026<\/td>\n<td class=\"et3\" style=\"width: 54.00pt;\" width=\"72\">\u2026<\/td>\n<td class=\"et3\" style=\"width: 54.00pt;\" width=\"72\">\u2026<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 15.00pt;\">\n<td class=\"et4\" style=\"height: 15.00pt; width: 54.00pt;\" width=\"72\" height=\"20\">T17<\/td>\n<td class=\"et4\" style=\"width: 54.00pt;\" width=\"72\">K12047<\/td>\n<td class=\"et4\" style=\"width: 54.00pt;\" width=\"72\">0.15-0.25<\/td>\n<td class=\"et4\" style=\"width: 54.00pt;\" width=\"72\">0.30-0.61<\/td>\n<td class=\"et4\" style=\"width: 54.00pt;\" align=\"right\" width=\"72\">0.025<\/td>\n<td class=\"et4\" style=\"width: 54.00pt;\" align=\"right\" width=\"72\">0.025<\/td>\n<td class=\"et4\" style=\"width: 54.00pt;\" width=\"72\">0.15-0.35<\/td>\n<td class=\"et4\" style=\"width: 54.00pt;\" width=\"72\">\u2026<\/td>\n<td class=\"et4\" style=\"width: 54.00pt;\" width=\"72\">0.80-1.25<\/td>\n<td class=\"et4\" style=\"width: 54.00pt;\" width=\"72\">\u2026<\/td>\n<td class=\"et4\" style=\"width: 54.00pt;\" align=\"right\" width=\"72\">0.15<\/td>\n<td class=\"et4\" style=\"width: 54.00pt;\" width=\"72\">\u2026<\/td>\n<td class=\"et4\" style=\"width: 54.00pt;\" width=\"72\">\u2026<\/td>\n<td class=\"et4\" style=\"width: 54.00pt;\" width=\"72\">\u2026<\/td>\n<td class=\"et4\" style=\"width: 54.00pt;\" width=\"72\">\u2026<\/td>\n<td class=\"et4\" style=\"width: 54.00pt;\" width=\"72\">\u2026<\/td>\n<td class=\"et4\" style=\"width: 54.00pt;\" width=\"72\">\u2026<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 15.00pt;\">\n<td class=\"et3\" style=\"height: 15.00pt; width: 54.00pt;\" width=\"72\" height=\"20\">T21<\/td>\n<td class=\"et3\" style=\"width: 54.00pt;\" width=\"72\">K31545<\/td>\n<td class=\"et3\" style=\"width: 54.00pt;\" width=\"72\">0.05-0.15<\/td>\n<td class=\"et3\" style=\"width: 54.00pt;\" width=\"72\">0.30-0.60<\/td>\n<td class=\"et3\" style=\"width: 54.00pt;\" align=\"right\" width=\"72\">0.025<\/td>\n<td class=\"et3\" style=\"width: 54.00pt;\" align=\"right\" width=\"72\">0.025<\/td>\n<td class=\"et3\" style=\"width: 54.00pt;\" width=\"72\">0.50-1.00<\/td>\n<td class=\"et3\" style=\"width: 54.00pt;\" width=\"72\">\u2026<\/td>\n<td class=\"et3\" style=\"width: 54.00pt;\" width=\"72\">2.65-3.35<\/td>\n<td class=\"et3\" style=\"width: 54.00pt;\" width=\"72\">0.80-1.06<\/td>\n<td class=\"et3\" style=\"width: 54.00pt;\" width=\"72\">\u2026<\/td>\n<td class=\"et3\" style=\"width: 54.00pt;\" width=\"72\">\u2026<\/td>\n<td class=\"et3\" style=\"width: 54.00pt;\" width=\"72\">\u2026<\/td>\n<td class=\"et3\" style=\"width: 54.00pt;\" width=\"72\">\u2026<\/td>\n<td class=\"et3\" style=\"width: 54.00pt;\" width=\"72\">\u2026<\/td>\n<td class=\"et3\" style=\"width: 54.00pt;\" width=\"72\">\u2026<\/td>\n<td class=\"et3\" style=\"width: 54.00pt;\" width=\"72\">\u2026<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 15.00pt;\">\n<td class=\"et4\" style=\"height: 15.00pt; width: 54.00pt;\" width=\"72\" height=\"20\">T22<\/td>\n<td class=\"et4\" style=\"width: 54.00pt;\" width=\"72\">K21590<\/td>\n<td class=\"et4\" style=\"width: 54.00pt;\" width=\"72\">0.05-0.15<\/td>\n<td class=\"et4\" style=\"width: 54.00pt;\" width=\"72\">0.30-0.60<\/td>\n<td class=\"et4\" style=\"width: 54.00pt;\" align=\"right\" width=\"72\">0.025<\/td>\n<td class=\"et4\" style=\"width: 54.00pt;\" align=\"right\" width=\"72\">0.025<\/td>\n<td class=\"et4\" style=\"width: 54.00pt;\" align=\"right\" width=\"72\">0.5<\/td>\n<td class=\"et4\" style=\"width: 54.00pt;\" width=\"72\">\u2026<\/td>\n<td class=\"et4\" style=\"width: 54.00pt;\" width=\"72\">1.90-2.60<\/td>\n<td class=\"et4\" style=\"width: 54.00pt;\" width=\"72\">0.87-1.13<\/td>\n<td class=\"et4\" style=\"width: 54.00pt;\" width=\"72\">\u2026<\/td>\n<td class=\"et4\" style=\"width: 54.00pt;\" width=\"72\">\u2026<\/td>\n<td class=\"et4\" style=\"width: 54.00pt;\" width=\"72\">\u2026<\/td>\n<td class=\"et4\" style=\"width: 54.00pt;\" width=\"72\">\u2026<\/td>\n<td class=\"et4\" style=\"width: 54.00pt;\" width=\"72\">\u2026<\/td>\n<td class=\"et4\" style=\"width: 54.00pt;\" width=\"72\">\u2026<\/td>\n<td class=\"et4\" style=\"width: 54.00pt;\" width=\"72\">\u2026<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 27.75pt;\">\n<td class=\"et3\" style=\"height: 27.75pt; width: 54.00pt;\" width=\"72\" height=\"37\">T23<\/td>\n<td class=\"et3\" style=\"width: 54.00pt;\" width=\"72\">K40712<\/td>\n<td class=\"et3\" style=\"width: 54.00pt;\" width=\"72\">0.04-0.10<\/td>\n<td class=\"et3\" style=\"width: 54.00pt;\" width=\"72\">0.10-0.60<\/td>\n<td class=\"et3\" style=\"width: 54.00pt;\" align=\"right\" width=\"72\">0.03<\/td>\n<td class=\"et3\" style=\"width: 54.00pt;\" align=\"right\" width=\"72\">0.01<\/td>\n<td class=\"et3\" style=\"width: 54.00pt;\" align=\"right\" width=\"72\">0.5<\/td>\n<td class=\"et3\" style=\"width: 54.00pt;\" width=\"72\">\u2026<\/td>\n<td class=\"et3\" style=\"width: 54.00pt;\" width=\"72\">1.90-2.60<\/td>\n<td class=\"et3\" style=\"width: 54.00pt;\" width=\"72\">0.05-0.30<\/td>\n<td class=\"et3\" style=\"width: 54.00pt;\" width=\"72\">0.20-0.30<\/td>\n<td class=\"et3\" style=\"width: 54.00pt;\" width=\"72\">0.0005-0.006<\/td>\n<td class=\"et3\" style=\"width: 54.00pt;\" width=\"72\">0.02-0.08<\/td>\n<td class=\"et3\" style=\"width: 54.00pt;\" align=\"right\" width=\"72\">0.03<\/td>\n<td class=\"et3\" style=\"width: 54.00pt;\" align=\"right\" width=\"72\">0.03<\/td>\n<td class=\"et3\" style=\"width: 54.00pt;\" width=\"72\">1.45-1.75<\/td>\n<td class=\"et3\" style=\"width: 54.00pt;\" width=\"72\">\u2026<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 27.75pt;\">\n<td class=\"et4\" style=\"height: 27.75pt; width: 54.00pt;\" width=\"72\" height=\"37\">T24<\/td>\n<td class=\"et4\" style=\"width: 54.00pt;\" width=\"72\">K30736<\/td>\n<td class=\"et4\" style=\"width: 54.00pt;\" width=\"72\">0.05-0.10<\/td>\n<td class=\"et4\" style=\"width: 54.00pt;\" width=\"72\">0.30-0.70<\/td>\n<td class=\"et4\" style=\"width: 54.00pt;\" align=\"right\" width=\"72\">0.02<\/td>\n<td class=\"et4\" style=\"width: 54.00pt;\" align=\"right\" width=\"72\">0.01<\/td>\n<td class=\"et4\" style=\"width: 54.00pt;\" width=\"72\">0.15-0.45<\/td>\n<td class=\"et4\" style=\"width: 54.00pt;\" width=\"72\">\u2026<\/td>\n<td class=\"et4\" style=\"width: 54.00pt;\" width=\"72\">2.20-2.60<\/td>\n<td class=\"et4\" style=\"width: 54.00pt;\" width=\"72\">0.90-1.10<\/td>\n<td class=\"et4\" style=\"width: 54.00pt;\" width=\"72\">0.20-0.30<\/td>\n<td class=\"et4\" style=\"width: 54.00pt;\" width=\"72\">0.0015-0.007<\/td>\n<td class=\"et4\" style=\"width: 54.00pt;\" width=\"72\">\u2026<\/td>\n<td class=\"et4\" style=\"width: 54.00pt;\" align=\"right\" width=\"72\">0.012<\/td>\n<td class=\"et4\" style=\"width: 54.00pt;\" align=\"right\" width=\"72\">0.02<\/td>\n<td class=\"et4\" style=\"width: 54.00pt;\" width=\"72\">\u2026<\/td>\n<td class=\"et4\" style=\"width: 54.00pt;\" width=\"72\">Ti 0.06-0.10<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 27.75pt;\">\n<td class=\"et3\" style=\"height: 27.75pt; width: 54.00pt;\" width=\"72\" height=\"37\">T36<\/td>\n<td class=\"et3\" style=\"width: 54.00pt;\" width=\"72\">K21001<\/td>\n<td class=\"et3\" style=\"width: 54.00pt;\" width=\"72\">0.10-0.17<\/td>\n<td class=\"et3\" style=\"width: 54.00pt;\" width=\"72\">0.80-1.20<\/td>\n<td class=\"et3\" style=\"width: 54.00pt;\" align=\"right\" width=\"72\">0.03<\/td>\n<td class=\"et3\" style=\"width: 54.00pt;\" align=\"right\" width=\"72\">0.025<\/td>\n<td class=\"et3\" style=\"width: 54.00pt;\" width=\"72\">0.25-0.50<\/td>\n<td class=\"et3\" style=\"width: 54.00pt;\" width=\"72\">1.00-1.30<\/td>\n<td class=\"et3\" style=\"width: 54.00pt;\" align=\"right\" width=\"72\">0.3<\/td>\n<td class=\"et3\" style=\"width: 54.00pt;\" width=\"72\">0.25-0.50<\/td>\n<td class=\"et3\" style=\"width: 54.00pt;\" align=\"right\" width=\"72\">0.02<\/td>\n<td class=\"et3\" style=\"width: 54.00pt;\" width=\"72\">\u2026<\/td>\n<td class=\"et3\" style=\"width: 54.00pt;\" width=\"72\">0.015-0.045<\/td>\n<td class=\"et3\" style=\"width: 54.00pt;\" align=\"right\" width=\"72\">0.02<\/td>\n<td class=\"et3\" style=\"width: 54.00pt;\" align=\"right\" width=\"72\">0.05<\/td>\n<td class=\"et3\" style=\"width: 54.00pt;\" width=\"72\">\u2026<\/td>\n<td class=\"et3\" style=\"width: 54.00pt;\" width=\"72\">Cu 0.50-0.80<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 27.75pt;\">\n<td class=\"et4\" style=\"height: 27.75pt; width: 54.00pt;\" width=\"72\" height=\"37\">T91<\/td>\n<td class=\"et4\" style=\"width: 54.00pt;\" width=\"72\">K90901<\/td>\n<td class=\"et4\" style=\"width: 54.00pt;\" width=\"72\">0.07-0.14<\/td>\n<td class=\"et4\" style=\"width: 54.00pt;\" width=\"72\">0.30-0.60<\/td>\n<td class=\"et4\" style=\"width: 54.00pt;\" align=\"right\" width=\"72\">0.02<\/td>\n<td class=\"et4\" style=\"width: 54.00pt;\" align=\"right\" width=\"72\">0.01<\/td>\n<td class=\"et4\" style=\"width: 54.00pt;\" width=\"72\">0.20-0.50<\/td>\n<td class=\"et4\" style=\"width: 54.00pt;\" align=\"right\" width=\"72\">0.4<\/td>\n<td class=\"et4\" style=\"width: 54.00pt;\" width=\"72\">8.0-9.5<\/td>\n<td class=\"et4\" style=\"width: 54.00pt;\" width=\"72\">0.85-1.05<\/td>\n<td class=\"et4\" style=\"width: 54.00pt;\" width=\"72\">0.18-0.25<\/td>\n<td class=\"et4\" style=\"width: 54.00pt;\" width=\"72\">\u2026<\/td>\n<td class=\"et4\" style=\"width: 54.00pt;\" width=\"72\">0.06-0.1<\/td>\n<td class=\"et4\" style=\"width: 54.00pt;\" width=\"72\">0.030-0.070<\/td>\n<td class=\"et4\" style=\"width: 54.00pt;\" align=\"right\" width=\"72\">0.02<\/td>\n<td class=\"et4\" style=\"width: 54.00pt;\" width=\"72\">\u2026<\/td>\n<td class=\"et4\" style=\"width: 54.00pt;\" width=\"72\">Ti 0.01 Zr 0.01<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 27.75pt;\">\n<td class=\"et3\" style=\"height: 27.75pt; width: 54.00pt;\" width=\"72\" height=\"37\">T92<\/td>\n<td class=\"et3\" style=\"width: 54.00pt;\" width=\"72\">K92460<\/td>\n<td class=\"et3\" style=\"width: 54.00pt;\" width=\"72\">0.07-0.13<\/td>\n<td class=\"et3\" style=\"width: 54.00pt;\" width=\"72\">0.30-0.60<\/td>\n<td class=\"et3\" style=\"width: 54.00pt;\" align=\"right\" width=\"72\">0.02<\/td>\n<td class=\"et3\" style=\"width: 54.00pt;\" align=\"right\" width=\"72\">0.01<\/td>\n<td class=\"et3\" style=\"width: 54.00pt;\" align=\"right\" width=\"72\">0.5<\/td>\n<td class=\"et3\" style=\"width: 54.00pt;\" align=\"right\" width=\"72\">0.4<\/td>\n<td class=\"et3\" style=\"width: 54.00pt;\" width=\"72\">8.5-9.5<\/td>\n<td class=\"et3\" style=\"width: 54.00pt;\" width=\"72\">0.30-0.60<\/td>\n<td class=\"et3\" style=\"width: 54.00pt;\" width=\"72\">0.15-0.25<\/td>\n<td class=\"et3\" style=\"width: 54.00pt;\" width=\"72\">0.001-0.006<\/td>\n<td class=\"et3\" style=\"width: 54.00pt;\" width=\"72\">0.04-0.09<\/td>\n<td class=\"et3\" style=\"width: 54.00pt;\" width=\"72\">0.030-0.070<\/td>\n<td class=\"et3\" style=\"width: 54.00pt;\" align=\"right\" width=\"72\">0.02<\/td>\n<td class=\"et3\" style=\"width: 54.00pt;\" width=\"72\">1.5-2.00<\/td>\n<td class=\"et3\" style=\"width: 54.00pt;\" width=\"72\">Ti 0.01 Zr 0.01<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 54.75pt;\">\n<td class=\"et4\" style=\"height: 54.75pt; width: 54.00pt;\" width=\"72\" height=\"73\">T122<\/td>\n<td class=\"et4\" style=\"width: 54.00pt;\" width=\"72\">K91271<\/td>\n<td class=\"et4\" style=\"width: 54.00pt;\" width=\"72\">0.07-0.14<\/td>\n<td class=\"et4\" style=\"width: 54.00pt;\" align=\"right\" width=\"72\">0.7<\/td>\n<td class=\"et4\" style=\"width: 54.00pt;\" align=\"right\" width=\"72\">0.02<\/td>\n<td class=\"et4\" style=\"width: 54.00pt;\" align=\"right\" width=\"72\">0.01<\/td>\n<td class=\"et4\" style=\"width: 54.00pt;\" align=\"right\" width=\"72\">0.5<\/td>\n<td class=\"et4\" style=\"width: 54.00pt;\" align=\"right\" width=\"72\">0.5<\/td>\n<td class=\"et4\" style=\"width: 54.00pt;\" width=\"72\">10.0-11.5<\/td>\n<td class=\"et4\" style=\"width: 54.00pt;\" width=\"72\">0.25-0.60<\/td>\n<td class=\"et4\" style=\"width: 54.00pt;\" width=\"72\">0.15-0.30<\/td>\n<td class=\"et4\" style=\"width: 54.00pt;\" width=\"72\">0.0005-0.005<\/td>\n<td class=\"et4\" style=\"width: 54.00pt;\" width=\"72\">0.04-0.10<\/td>\n<td class=\"et4\" style=\"width: 54.00pt;\" width=\"72\">0.040-0.100<\/td>\n<td class=\"et4\" style=\"width: 54.00pt;\" align=\"right\" width=\"72\">0.02<\/td>\n<td class=\"et4\" style=\"width: 54.00pt;\" width=\"72\">1.5-2.5<\/td>\n<td class=\"et4\" style=\"width: 54.00pt;\" width=\"72\">Cu 0.30-1.70 Ti 0.01 Zr 0.01<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 27.75pt;\">\n<td class=\"et3\" style=\"height: 27.75pt; width: 54.00pt;\" width=\"72\" height=\"37\">T911<\/td>\n<td class=\"et3\" style=\"width: 54.00pt;\" width=\"72\">K91061<\/td>\n<td class=\"et3\" style=\"width: 54.00pt;\" width=\"72\">0.09-0.13<\/td>\n<td class=\"et3\" style=\"width: 54.00pt;\" width=\"72\">0.30-0.60<\/td>\n<td class=\"et3\" style=\"width: 54.00pt;\" align=\"right\" width=\"72\">0.02<\/td>\n<td class=\"et3\" style=\"width: 54.00pt;\" align=\"right\" width=\"72\">0.01<\/td>\n<td class=\"et3\" style=\"width: 54.00pt;\" width=\"72\">0.10-0.50<\/td>\n<td class=\"et3\" style=\"width: 54.00pt;\" align=\"right\" width=\"72\">0.4<\/td>\n<td class=\"et3\" style=\"width: 54.00pt;\" width=\"72\">8.5-9.5<\/td>\n<td class=\"et3\" style=\"width: 54.00pt;\" width=\"72\">0.90-1.10<\/td>\n<td class=\"et3\" style=\"width: 54.00pt;\" width=\"72\">0.18-0.25<\/td>\n<td class=\"et3\" style=\"width: 54.00pt;\" width=\"72\">0.0003-0.006<\/td>\n<td class=\"et3\" style=\"width: 54.00pt;\" width=\"72\">0.06-0.10<\/td>\n<td class=\"et3\" style=\"width: 54.00pt;\" width=\"72\">0.040-0.090<\/td>\n<td class=\"et3\" style=\"width: 54.00pt;\" align=\"right\" width=\"72\">0.02<\/td>\n<td class=\"et3\" style=\"width: 54.00pt;\" width=\"72\">0.9-1.1<\/td>\n<td class=\"et3\" style=\"width: 54.00pt;\" width=\"72\">Ti 0.01 Zr 0.01<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-e307e59 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"e307e59\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-no\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-b9191d7\" data-id=\"b9191d7\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ea2fb16 elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"ea2fb16\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cdc9c73 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"cdc9c73\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF ASTM A213 PIPE<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-33839c2 elementor-widget-divider--view-line elementor-widget elementor-widget-divider\" data-id=\"33839c2\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"divider.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-divider\">\n\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-divider-separator\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-26a523b elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"26a523b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>The ASTM A213 standard has clear requirements and regulations for the tensile strength, yield strength, elongation, etc.<\/p><ul><li>Tensile strength: Taking T11 as an example, its tensile strength should not be less than 415MPa. High tensile strength can make the steel pipe under high stress and load is not easy to fracture and deformation.<\/li><li>Yield strength: Taking T11 as an example, its yield strength should not be less than 205MPa. The yield strength is generally treated by heat treatment processes such as quenching and tempering.<\/li><li>Elongation: Taking T11 as an example, the elongation after breaking should not be less than 30%. The toughness and plasticity of the pipe were improved by optimizing the uniform and fine grain structure.<\/li><\/ul>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cf09afb elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"cf09afb\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"table-gridtable\" style=\"width: 100%; overflow-x: auto;\"><table><tbody><tr style=\"height: 15.00pt;\"><th class=\"et2\" style=\"height: 15.00pt; width: 270.00pt;\" colspan=\"5\" width=\"360\" height=\"20\">Tensile Requirements-Low Alloy Steels<\/th><\/tr><tr style=\"height: 27.75pt;\"><th class=\"et3\" style=\"height: 55.50pt; width: 54.00pt;\" rowspan=\"2\" width=\"72\" height=\"74\">Grade<\/th><th class=\"et3\" style=\"width: 54.00pt;\" rowspan=\"2\" width=\"72\">UNS Designation<\/th><th class=\"et4\" style=\"width: 54.00pt;\" width=\"72\">Tensile Strength<\/th><th class=\"et4\" style=\"width: 54.00pt;\" width=\"72\">Yield Strength<\/th><th class=\"et3\" style=\"width: 54pt; text-align: center;\" rowspan=\"2\" width=\"72\">Elongation in 2 in. or 50 mm, min, %AB<\/th><\/tr><tr style=\"height: 27.75pt;\"><th class=\"et5\" style=\"width: 54.00pt;\" width=\"72\">min, ksi [MPa]<\/th><th class=\"et5\" style=\"width: 54.00pt;\" width=\"72\">min. ksi [MPa]<\/th><\/tr><tr style=\"height: 15.00pt;\"><td class=\"et6\" style=\"height: 15.00pt; width: 54.00pt;\" width=\"72\" height=\"20\">T5b<\/td><td class=\"et6\" style=\"width: 54.00pt;\" width=\"72\">K51545<\/td><td class=\"et6\" style=\"width: 54.00pt;\" width=\"72\">60[415]<\/td><td class=\"et6\" style=\"width: 54.00pt;\" width=\"72\">30[205]<\/td><td class=\"et6\" style=\"width: 54pt; text-align: center;\" align=\"right\" width=\"72\">30<\/td><\/tr><tr style=\"height: 15.00pt;\"><td class=\"et7\" style=\"height: 15.00pt; width: 54.00pt;\" width=\"72\" height=\"20\">T9<\/td><td class=\"et7\" style=\"width: 54.00pt;\" width=\"72\">K90941<\/td><td class=\"et7\" style=\"width: 54.00pt;\" width=\"72\">60[415]<\/td><td class=\"et7\" style=\"width: 54.00pt;\" width=\"72\">30[205]<\/td><td class=\"et7\" style=\"width: 54pt; text-align: center;\" align=\"right\" width=\"72\">30<\/td><\/tr><tr style=\"height: 15.00pt;\"><td class=\"et6\" style=\"height: 15.00pt; width: 54.00pt;\" width=\"72\" height=\"20\">T12<\/td><td class=\"et6\" style=\"width: 54.00pt;\" width=\"72\">K11562<\/td><td class=\"et6\" style=\"width: 54.00pt;\" width=\"72\">60[415]<\/td><td class=\"et6\" style=\"width: 54.00pt;\" width=\"72\">32[220]<\/td><td class=\"et6\" style=\"width: 54pt; text-align: center;\" align=\"right\" width=\"72\">30<\/td><\/tr><tr style=\"height: 15.00pt;\"><td class=\"et7\" style=\"height: 15.00pt; width: 54.00pt;\" width=\"72\" height=\"20\">T23<\/td><td class=\"et7\" style=\"width: 54.00pt;\" width=\"72\">K40712<\/td><td class=\"et7\" style=\"width: 54.00pt;\" width=\"72\">74[510]<\/td><td class=\"et7\" style=\"width: 54.00pt;\" width=\"72\">58[400]<\/td><td class=\"et7\" style=\"width: 54pt; text-align: center;\" align=\"right\" width=\"72\">20<\/td><\/tr><tr style=\"height: 15.00pt;\"><td class=\"et6\" style=\"height: 15.00pt; width: 54.00pt;\" width=\"72\" height=\"20\">T24<\/td><td class=\"et6\" style=\"width: 54.00pt;\" width=\"72\">K30736<\/td><td class=\"et6\" style=\"width: 54.00pt;\" width=\"72\">85[585]<\/td><td class=\"et6\" style=\"width: 54.00pt;\" width=\"72\">60[415]<\/td><td class=\"et6\" style=\"width: 54pt; text-align: center;\" align=\"right\" width=\"72\">20<\/td><\/tr><tr style=\"height: 27.75pt;\"><td class=\"et7\" style=\"height: 27.75pt; width: 54.00pt;\" width=\"72\" height=\"37\">T36 Class 1<\/td><td class=\"et7\" style=\"width: 54.00pt;\" width=\"72\">K21001<\/td><td class=\"et7\" style=\"width: 54.00pt;\" width=\"72\">90[620]<\/td><td class=\"et7\" style=\"width: 54.00pt;\" width=\"72\">64[440]<\/td><td class=\"et7\" style=\"width: 54pt; text-align: center;\" align=\"right\" width=\"72\">15<\/td><\/tr><tr style=\"height: 27.75pt;\"><td class=\"et6\" style=\"height: 27.75pt; width: 54.00pt;\" width=\"72\" height=\"37\">T36 Class 2<\/td><td class=\"et6\" style=\"width: 54.00pt;\" width=\"72\">K21001<\/td><td class=\"et6\" style=\"width: 54.00pt;\" width=\"72\">95.5[660]<\/td><td class=\"et6\" style=\"width: 54.00pt;\" width=\"72\">66.5[460]<\/td><td class=\"et6\" style=\"width: 54pt; text-align: center;\" align=\"right\" width=\"72\">15<\/td><\/tr><tr style=\"height: 15.00pt;\"><td class=\"et7\" style=\"height: 15.00pt; width: 54.00pt;\" width=\"72\" height=\"20\">T91<\/td><td class=\"et7\" style=\"width: 54.00pt;\" width=\"72\">K90901<\/td><td class=\"et7\" style=\"width: 54.00pt;\" width=\"72\">85[585]<\/td><td class=\"et7\" style=\"width: 54.00pt;\" width=\"72\">60[415]<\/td><td class=\"et7\" style=\"width: 54pt; text-align: center;\" align=\"right\" width=\"72\">20<\/td><\/tr><tr style=\"height: 15.00pt;\"><td class=\"et6\" style=\"height: 15.00pt; width: 54.00pt;\" width=\"72\" height=\"20\">T92<\/td><td class=\"et6\" style=\"width: 54.00pt;\" width=\"72\">K92460<\/td><td class=\"et6\" style=\"width: 54.00pt;\" width=\"72\">90[620]<\/td><td class=\"et6\" style=\"width: 54.00pt;\" width=\"72\">64[440]<\/td><td class=\"et6\" style=\"width: 54pt; text-align: center;\" align=\"right\" width=\"72\">20<\/td><\/tr><tr style=\"height: 15.00pt;\"><td class=\"et7\" style=\"height: 15.00pt; width: 54.00pt;\" width=\"72\" height=\"20\">T122<\/td><td class=\"et7\" style=\"width: 54.00pt;\" width=\"72\">K91271<\/td><td class=\"et7\" style=\"width: 54.00pt;\" width=\"72\">90[620]<\/td><td class=\"et7\" style=\"width: 54.00pt;\" width=\"72\">58[400]<\/td><td class=\"et7\" style=\"width: 54pt; text-align: center;\" align=\"right\" width=\"72\">20<\/td><\/tr><tr style=\"height: 15.00pt;\"><td class=\"et6\" style=\"height: 15.00pt; width: 54.00pt;\" width=\"72\" height=\"20\">T911<\/td><td class=\"et6\" style=\"width: 54.00pt;\" width=\"72\">K91061<\/td><td class=\"et6\" style=\"width: 54.00pt;\" width=\"72\">90[620]<\/td><td class=\"et6\" style=\"width: 54.00pt;\" width=\"72\">64[440]<\/td><td class=\"et6\" style=\"width: 54pt; text-align: center;\" align=\"right\" width=\"72\">20<\/td><\/tr><tr style=\"height: 41.25pt;\"><td class=\"et7\" style=\"height: 41.25pt; width: 54pt; text-align: center;\" width=\"72\" height=\"55\">All other low alloy grades<\/td><td class=\"et7\" style=\"width: 54pt; text-align: center;\" width=\"72\">\u2013<\/td><td class=\"et7\" style=\"width: 54pt; text-align: center;\" width=\"72\">60[415]<\/td><td class=\"et7\" style=\"width: 54pt; text-align: center;\" width=\"72\">30[205]<\/td><td class=\"et7\" style=\"width: 54pt; text-align: center;\" align=\"right\" width=\"72\">30<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-b4db408 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"b4db408\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-no\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-5246e5d\" data-id=\"5246e5d\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-bb50e2b elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"bb50e2b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a5461c9 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"a5461c9\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">APPLICATIONS OF ASTM A213<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-267bf13 elementor-widget-divider--view-line elementor-widget elementor-widget-divider\" data-id=\"267bf13\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"divider.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-divider\">\n\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-divider-separator\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0ea4aff elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"0ea4aff\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<ul>\n<li>Boiler piping: Commonly used in supercritical boilers and power plant boilers. ASTM A213 tubing ensures safe and efficient boiler operation.<\/li>\n<li>Heat exchangers: ASTM A213 tubing is commonly used to make tube bundles for heat exchangers.<\/li>\n<li>Petroleum Cracking furnaces: ASTM A213 High temperature reactor piping systems are designed to withstand high temperatures and corrosive environments.<\/li>\n<li>Metallurgical equipment: such as coolers and heat exchangers,ASTM A213 tubing also maintains good mechanical properties at high temperatures.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>TUSPIPE Steel Tube Manufacturer, with three complete tube production lines, produces steel tubes not only for boiler piping industry but also for a wide range of applications:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.tuspipe.com\/application-scenarios\/construction-industry\/\" target=\"_blank\">Construction Industry<\/a><br><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.tuspipe.com\/application-scenarios\/oil-and-gas-industry\/\" target=\"_blank\">Oil and Gas Steel Pipe<\/a><br><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.tuspipe.com\/application-scenarios\/water-treatment-industry\/\" target=\"_blank\">Water Treatment Industry<\/a><br><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.tuspipe.com\/application-scenarios\/industrial-manufacturing\/\" target=\"_blank\">Industrial Manufacturing<\/a><br><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.tuspipe.com\/application-scenarios\/agriculture-pipe\/\" target=\"_blank\">Agriculture Pipe<\/a><br><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.tuspipe.com\/application-scenarios\/ocean-ships-industry\/\" target=\"_blank\">Ocean Ships Industry<\/a><br><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.tuspipe.com\/application-scenarios\/mechanical-industry\/\" target=\"_blank\">Mechanical Processing<\/a><br><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.tuspipe.com\/application-scenarios\/energy-transportation\/\" target=\"_blank\">Energy Transportation<\/a><br>TUSPIPE is known for its high quality, so be sure to get the pipe you need!<\/li>\n<\/ul>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ceaa09c elementor-align-center elementor-widget elementor-widget-button\" data-id=\"ceaa09c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"button.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-button-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-button elementor-button-link elementor-size-xs elementor-animation-grow\" href=\"#elementor-action%3Aaction%3Dpopup%3Aopen%26settings%3DeyJpZCI6IjQyODkiLCJ0b2dnbGUiOmZhbHNlfQ%3D%3D\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-content-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-text\">QUOTE NOW<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-de19a51 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"de19a51\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-455ac2a elementor-widget elementor-widget-n-accordion\" data-id=\"455ac2a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;default_state&quot;:&quot;expanded&quot;,&quot;max_items_expended&quot;:&quot;one&quot;,&quot;n_accordion_animation_duration&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;ms&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:400,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]}}\" data-widget_type=\"nested-accordion.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-n-accordion\" aria-label=\"Accordion. Open links with Enter or Space, close with Escape, and navigate with Arrow Keys\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<details id=\"e-n-accordion-item-7270\" class=\"e-n-accordion-item\" open>\n\t\t\t\t<summary class=\"e-n-accordion-item-title\" data-accordion-index=\"1\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-expanded=\"true\" aria-controls=\"e-n-accordion-item-7270\" >\n\t\t\t\t\t<span class='e-n-accordion-item-title-header'><div class=\"e-n-accordion-item-title-text\"> 1. What Is the Difference between ASTM A269 and A213? <\/div><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class='e-n-accordion-item-title-icon'>\n\t\t\t<span class='e-opened' ><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-minus\" viewBox=\"0 0 448 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M416 208H32c-17.67 0-32 14.33-32 32v32c0 17.67 14.33 32 32 32h384c17.67 0 32-14.33 32-32v-32c0-17.67-14.33-32-32-32z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span>\n\t\t\t<span class='e-closed'><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-plus\" viewBox=\"0 0 448 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M416 208H272V64c0-17.67-14.33-32-32-32h-32c-17.67 0-32 14.33-32 32v144H32c-17.67 0-32 14.33-32 32v32c0 17.67 14.33 32 32 32h144v144c0 17.67 14.33 32 32 32h32c17.67 0 32-14.33 32-32V304h144c17.67 0 32-14.33 32-32v-32c0-17.67-14.33-32-32-32z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span>\n\t\t<\/span>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/summary>\n\t\t\t\t<div role=\"region\" aria-labelledby=\"e-n-accordion-item-7270\" class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c588b2b e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"c588b2b\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e4785cc elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"e4785cc\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<ul><li>ASTM A269 is suitable for piping systems requiring high corrosion resistance. A269 covers austenitic stainless steels but excludes ferritic alloy steels.<\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.tuspipe.com\/standards\/astm-a213\/\">ASTM A213<\/a> is the standard for boiler tubes, addressing ferritic alloy steels and austenitic stainless steels in high-pressure environments.<\/li><\/ul>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/details>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<details id=\"e-n-accordion-item-7271\" class=\"e-n-accordion-item\" >\n\t\t\t\t<summary class=\"e-n-accordion-item-title\" data-accordion-index=\"2\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-expanded=\"false\" aria-controls=\"e-n-accordion-item-7271\" >\n\t\t\t\t\t<span class='e-n-accordion-item-title-header'><div class=\"e-n-accordion-item-title-text\"> 2. What Is the Equivalent of ASTM A213 T11? <\/div><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class='e-n-accordion-item-title-icon'>\n\t\t\t<span class='e-opened' ><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-minus\" viewBox=\"0 0 448 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M416 208H32c-17.67 0-32 14.33-32 32v32c0 17.67 14.33 32 32 32h384c17.67 0 32-14.33 32-32v-32c0-17.67-14.33-32-32-32z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span>\n\t\t\t<span class='e-closed'><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-plus\" viewBox=\"0 0 448 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M416 208H272V64c0-17.67-14.33-32-32-32h-32c-17.67 0-32 14.33-32 32v144H32c-17.67 0-32 14.33-32 32v32c0 17.67 14.33 32 32 32h144v144c0 17.67 14.33 32 32 32h32c17.67 0 32-14.33 32-32V304h144c17.67 0 32-14.33 32-32v-32c0-17.67-14.33-32-32-32z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span>\n\t\t<\/span>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/summary>\n\t\t\t\t<div role=\"region\" aria-labelledby=\"e-n-accordion-item-7271\" class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-197dec7 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"197dec7\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-9a6582c elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"9a6582c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>ASTM A213 T11 is a typical low-alloy, high-strength heat-resistant steel.<\/p><p>Its equivalent materials include JIS STBA22 \/ STPA22, ASTM A335 Grade P11, EN 10216-2 Grade T11, etc.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/details>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<details id=\"e-n-accordion-item-7272\" class=\"e-n-accordion-item\" >\n\t\t\t\t<summary class=\"e-n-accordion-item-title\" data-accordion-index=\"3\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-expanded=\"false\" aria-controls=\"e-n-accordion-item-7272\" >\n\t\t\t\t\t<span class='e-n-accordion-item-title-header'><div class=\"e-n-accordion-item-title-text\"> 3. What Material Is A213 TP304? <\/div><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class='e-n-accordion-item-title-icon'>\n\t\t\t<span class='e-opened' ><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-minus\" viewBox=\"0 0 448 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M416 208H32c-17.67 0-32 14.33-32 32v32c0 17.67 14.33 32 32 32h384c17.67 0 32-14.33 32-32v-32c0-17.67-14.33-32-32-32z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span>\n\t\t\t<span class='e-closed'><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-plus\" viewBox=\"0 0 448 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M416 208H272V64c0-17.67-14.33-32-32-32h-32c-17.67 0-32 14.33-32 32v144H32c-17.67 0-32 14.33-32 32v32c0 17.67 14.33 32 32 32h144v144c0 17.67 14.33 32 32 32h32c17.67 0 32-14.33 32-32V304h144c17.67 0 32-14.33 32-32v-32c0-17.67-14.33-32-32-32z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span>\n\t\t<\/span>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/summary>\n\t\t\t\t<div role=\"region\" aria-labelledby=\"e-n-accordion-item-7272\" class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-9493842 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"9493842\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-89ba390 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"89ba390\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>ASTM A213 TP304 is an austenitic stainless steel. The letters TP denote its type. Its carbon content is \u2264 0.08%. Chromium content of 18.0\u201320.0% enhances the material&#8217;s corrosion resistance and oxidation resistance.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/details>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>ASTM A213 TUSPIPE manufactures ASTM A213 steel pipes using a seamless process, exceeding the certification of the ASTM A213 standard. Additional surface finishing services such as galvanizing and oiling are available to extend the lifespan of your projects. ASTM A213 ASTM A213 is an important standard developed by the American Society for Materials and Testing [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":0,"parent":3364,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"site-sidebar-layout":"no-sidebar","site-content-layout":"page-builder","ast-site-content-layout":"full-width-container","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"disabled","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"disabled","footer-sml-layout":"","ast-disable-related-posts":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"set","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-20571","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.tuspipe.com\/de\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/20571","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.tuspipe.com\/de\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.tuspipe.com\/de\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.tuspipe.com\/de\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.tuspipe.com\/de\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=20571"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.tuspipe.com\/de\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/20571\/revisions"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.tuspipe.com\/de\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/3364"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.tuspipe.com\/de\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=20571"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}